City of Ephesus
The city of Ephesus was rediscovered through archaeological efforts that began in 1863 when British engineer John Turtle Wood started searching for the Temple of Artemis.
The archetypal und archaic Anatolian goddess, Cybele, was revered not only throughout Anatolia but also on the neighboring (modern day) Greek islands.
Evidence of her cult can still be seen today in the cave formations and niches carved into hillsides. Her great gift to humanity is the mystery of rebirth.
Many of these caves symbolize the birth canal and end in womb-like forms. On the island of Samos, for example, one enters the caves as if stepping back into the darkness of the womb—not of a biological mother and father, but of the Great Goddess of eternity.
During our journey through Anatolia, we will visit many such places—caves and rock niches where Cybele was likely venerated long before the appearance and unveiling of the many goddesses who later emerged in human consciousness, in our hearts and in our souls.
Literature
The Phrygian Background of Kybele, by Birgitte Bøgh
The Goddess Cybele by Nicholas Adontz
Cybele & the Waterside Shrines. Vecihi Özkaya
The Statue of Cybele, Margarete Bieber
Pindar’s “Hymn to Cybele”
Kybele in Griechenland
Der Kult der Meter /Kybele in Westanatolien und in der Ägäis
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Cybele and the Waterside Shrines. Some Observations on the Phrygian Spring Cult and Its Origin, Vecihi Özkaya
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